OpenAI has secured a contract worth up to $200 million from the U.S. Department of Defense to develop prototype AI systems that use its frontier models for various military and administrative tasks. Announced Monday, the deal is part of OpenAI’s new “OpenAI for Government” initiative, aimed at expanding its work with federal agencies such as NASA, the NIH, the Treasury, and the Air Force Research Laboratory.
The Pentagon stated that OpenAI will help address national security needs in both “warfighting and enterprise domains.” OpenAI, however, emphasized that all projects will align with its usage guidelines, citing examples like streamlining healthcare access for service members, improving data processing, and aiding in proactive cyber defense. While OpenAI’s rules prohibit use of its models for weapon development, the company removed explicit bans on military or warfare applications from its terms in early 2024, leaving the scope of the DoD’s intended uses open to interpretation.
The contract also highlights growing friction between OpenAI and its biggest investor, Microsoft. For years, Microsoft has maintained a strong relationship with the U.S. government, providing secure cloud services and holding numerous defense contracts. In April, Microsoft announced that its Azure OpenAI Service had been approved for use at all classified levels. But with this latest move, the Department of Defense appears to be turning directly to OpenAI, bypassing Microsoft in certain areas.
This development could complicate the dynamic between the two companies, especially as OpenAI expands its government outreach. Microsoft declined to comment on the deal, and OpenAI has not responded to press inquiries.
The partnership reflects the broader race between Western AI firms and their global competitors, particularly China. Investors like Marc Andreessen have likened the AI arms race to a modern “cold war,” urging the U.S. to secure a technological edge. For OpenAI, this DoD deal signals a deepening role in national security, while also intensifying competition with its own strategic ally.
